How does hybrid technology works in vehicles and its advantages and challenges

In today's time HEV (hybrid electric vehicles) are more prominent in market. In India top companies like Maruti suzuki, Toyota and honda have recently launched electric hybrid vehicles. These new hybrid vehicles are relying on new hybrid technology. It has many advantages over conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) such as petrol and diesel engine cars.

Hybrid electric vehicle

It uses an ICE (a petrol /diesel engine) and one or more electric motars to run. Hybrid means using of both conventional and electric components. The important component of hybrid cars are engine, motar, fuel tank and battery. 

It is powered by electric motar alone which uses energy stored in batteries by the ICE or both. 

In hybrid vehicles when there is no load in vehicle, it works on motar but after gaining speed and a little bit load in car then it shift from motar to engine. Motar and engine drives energy from the battery which is present in the car. The battery is charged from engine or motar. 

So we can understand hybrid vehicles as shifting from motar to engine takes place automatically and they drive it's power from battery. 

There are different types of hybrid electric vehicles 

Full HEV

• Large battery and more powerful electric motar. 
• Longer distance can be covered using electric mode. 
• Better fuel economy. 
• It has cost more. 

Mild HEV

• It cannot drive using only the electric motar. 
• Uses the battery at traffic lights or in stop and go traffic to support the ICE. 

Micro HEV

• It lacks an electric motar. 

Plug in hybrid electric vehicles 

• Charge using a wall outlets.
• Have an on board charger and charging port. 
• Use the electric motar until the battery is almost drained. 
• Automatically switch to the ICE. 
• It is most prominent type of hybrid vehicles. 

Advantage of HEV

• Fuel efficiency because motar and engine parts are used. 
• It has more power. 
• The minimum emissions has taken place because motar part is not use so much. 
• That's why it is important for ecosystem. 
• Reduce engine size and car weight. 

Challenges of hybrid Electric technology? 

• High vehicle cost as compared to conventional vehicle cost. 
• Battery increases the cost of vehicle. 
• Poor infrastructure. 
• Uncertain consumer behaviour. 

You can also see this video of HEV

 

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